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Post أجر النفقة على الأهل والأولاد The reward for spending on one’s wife and children

أجر النفقة على الأهل والأولاد

The reward for spending on one’s wife and children

السؤال

ما هو أجر الإنسان إذا أنفق على أولاده ؟.
الحمد لله
ورد في الكتاب والسنة أدلة كثيرة تحث على النفقة على الأولاد وتبين فضلها ومن ذلك :
أولًا : أدلة القرآن :
قال الله تعالى " وَعَلَى الْمَوْلُودِ لَهُ رِزْقُهُنَّ وَكِسْوَتُهُنَّ بِالْمَعْرُوفِ " البقرة/233 . وقال سبحانه " لِيُنْفِقْ ذُو سَعَةٍ مِنْ سَعَتِهِ وَمَنْ قُدِرَ عَلَيْهِ رِزْقُهُ فَلْيُنْفِقْ مِمَّا آتَاهُ اللَّهُ" الطلاق/7 . وقال تعالى " وَمَا أَنْفَقْتُمْ مِنْ شَيْءٍ فَهُوَ يُخْلِفُهُ وَهُوَ خَيْرُ الرَّازِقِينَ" سبأ/39.
ثانيًا : السنة :
لقد تَظَافَرَتْ الْأَخْبَار عن النبي صلى الله عليه وسلمُ فِي فَضْلِ النَّفَقَةِ عَلَى الزَّوْجَاتِ وَالْعِيَالِ لَا سِيَّمَا الْبَنَاتِ , فَمِنْ ذَلِكَ مَا رَوَاهُ مُسْلِمٌ : 995 ، عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ مَرْفُوعًا : دِينَارٌ أَنْفَقْته فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ , وَدِينَارٌ أَنْفَقْته فِي رَقَبَةٍ , وَدِينَارٌ تَصَدَّقْت بِهِ عَلَى مِسْكِينٍ , وَدِينَارٌ أَنْفَقْته عَلَى أَهْلِك , أَعْظَمُهَا أَجْرًا الَّذِي أَنْفَقْته عَلَى أَهْلِك .
وعند مُسْلِمٍ :994 ، وغيره عَنْ ثَوْبَانَ مَوْلَى رَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم مَرْفُوعًا أَفْضَلُ دِينَارٍ يُنْفِقُهُ الرَّجُلُ دِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى عِيَالِهِ , وَدِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى دَابَّتِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ , وَدِينَارٌ يُنْفِقُهُ عَلَى أَصْحَابِهِ فِي سَبِيلِ اللَّهِ قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ : بَدَأَ بِالْعِيَالِ . ثُمَّ قَالَ أَبُو قِلَابَةَ : وَأَيُّ رَجُلٍ أَعْظَمُ أَجْرًا مِنْ رَجُلٍ يُنْفِقُ عَلَى عِيَالٍ صِغَارٍ يُعِفُّهُمُ اللَّهُ أَوْ يَنْفَعُهُمْ اللَّهُ بِهِ وَيُغْنِيهِمْ .
وَفِي صحيح البخاري :1295، وصحيح مسلم :1628: عَنْ سَعْدِ بْنِ أَبِي وَقَّاصٍ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ رَسُولَ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ لَهُ وَإِنَّك لَنْ تُنْفِقَ نَفَقَةً تَبْتَغِي بِهَا وَجْهَ اللَّهِ إلَّا أُجِرْت عَلَيْهَا حَتَّى مَا تَجْعَلُ فِي فِي امْرَأَتِك أَيْ فِي فَمِهَا .
وَفِي البخاري أيضًا : 55 ، ومسلم : 1002: عَنْ أَبِي مَسْعُودٍ الْبَدْرِيِّ رضي الله عنه عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ إذَا أَنْفَقَ الرَّجُلُ عَلَى أَهْلِهِ نَفَقَةً وَهُوَ يَحْتَسِبُهَا كَانَتْ لَهُ صَدَقَةً. وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ البخاري : 1442 : ومسلم : 1010: عَنْ أَبِي هُرَيْرَةَ رضي الله عنه أَنَّ النَّبِيَّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ " مَا مِنْ يَوْمٍ يُصْبِحُ الْعِبَادُ فِيهِ إلَّا مَلَكَانِ يَنْزِلَانِ فَيَقُولُ أَحَدُهُمَا اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُنْفِقًا خَلَفًا , وَيَقُولُ الآخَرُ اللَّهُمَّ أَعْطِ مُمْسِكًا تَلَفًا " .
وَفِي الصَّحِيحَيْنِ البخاري : 1418 : ومسلم : 2629 : عَنْ عَائِشَةَ رضي الله عنها قَالَتْ دَخَلَتْ عَلَيَّ امْرَأَةٌ وَمَعَهَا ابْنَتَانِ لَهَا تَسْأَلُ فَلَمْ تَجِدْ عِنْدِي شَيْئًا غَيْرَ تَمْرَةٍ وَاحِدَةٍ فَأَعْطَيْتهَا إيَّاهَا فَقَسَمَتْهَا بَيْنَ ابْنَتِهَا وَلَمْ تَأْكُلْ مِنْهَا ثُمَّ قَامَتْ فَخَرَجَتْ , فَدَخَلَ النَّبِيُّ صلى الله عليه وسلم عَلَيْنَا فَأَخْبَرْته فَقَالَ مَنْ اُبْتُلِيَ مِنْ هَذِهِ الْبَنَاتِ بِشَيْءٍ فَأَحْسَنَ إلَيْهِنَّ كُنَّ لَهُ سِتْرًا مِنْ النَّارِ .
وَفِي مُسْلِمٍ : 2630 : عَنْهَا رضي الله عنها قَالَتْ جَاءَتْنِي مِسْكِينَةٌ تَحْمِلُ ابْنَتَيْنِ لَهَا فَأَطْعَمْتهَا ثَلَاثَ تَمَرَاتٍ فَأَعْطَتْ كُلَّ وَاحِدَةٍ مِنْهُمَا تَمْرَةً , وَرَفَعَتْ إلَى فِيهَا تَمْرَةً لِتَأْكُلْهَا فَاسْتَطْعَمَتْهَا ابْنَتَاهَا فَشَقَّتْ التَّمْرَةَ الَّتِي كَانَتْ تُرِيدُ أَنْ تَأْكُلَهَا بَيْنَهُمَا فَأَعْجَبَنِي شَأْنُهَا فَذَكَرْت الَّذِي صَنَعَتْ لِرَسُولِ اللَّهِ صلى الله عليه وسلم فَقَالَ إنَّ اللَّهَ قَدْ أَوْجَبَ لَهَا بِهَا الْجَنَّةَ أَوْ أَعْتَقَهَا بِهَا مِنْ النَّارِ .
وَفِيهِ : 2631 : عَنْ أَنَسٍ رضي الله عنه عَنْ النَّبِيِّ صلى الله عليه وسلم قَالَ مَنْ عَالَ جَارِيَتَيْنِ حَتَّى تَبْلُغَا جَاءَ يَوْمَ الْقِيَامَةِ أَنَا , وَهُوَ وَضَمَّ أَصَابِعَهُ . وَفِي الْبَابِ عِدَّةُ أَحَادِيثَ , وَاَللَّهُ تَعَالَى أَعْلَمُ . ا. هـ من غذاء الألباب :2/ 437. بتصرف.
وَقَالَ ابْنُ بَطَّالٍ رحمه الله : يُنْفِق عَلَى نَفْسِهِ وَأَهْلِهِ وَمَنْ تَلْزَمُهُ النَّفَقَةُ عَلَيْهِ غَيْرَ مُقَتِّرٍ عَمَّا يَجِبُ لَهُمْ وَلَا مُسْرِفٍ فِي ذَلِكَ كَمَا قَالَ اللَّهُ تَعَالَى وَاَلَّذِينَ إذَا أَنْفَقُوا لَمْ يُسْرِفُوا وَلَمْ يَقْتُرُوا وَكَانَ بَيْنَ ذَلِكَ قَوَامًا وَهَذِهِ النَّفَقَةُ أَفْضَلُ مِنْ الصَّدَقَةِ وَمِنْ جَمِيعِ النَّفَقَاتِ . طرح التثريب :2 /74.
والله أعلم.

المصدر: الشيخ محمد صالح المنجد
رد مع اقتباس
  #2  
قديم 04-09-2019, 12:29 PM
الصورة الرمزية أم أبي التراب
أم أبي التراب أم أبي التراب غير متواجد حالياً
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تاريخ التسجيل: May 2017
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The reward for spending on one’s wife and children

Question

What is the reward of a man who spends on his children?



Answer




Praise be to Allah
There is a great deal of evidence in the Qur’aan and Sunnah to encourage spending on one’s children and describing the virtue of doing so. This includes:
1 – Evidence from the Qur’aan:
Allaah says (interpretation of the meanings):
“but the father of the child shall bear the cost of the mother’s food and clothing on a reasonable basis”
[al-Baqarah 2:233]
“Let the rich man spend according to his means; and the man whose resources are restricted, let him spend according to what Allaah has given him”
[al-Talaaq 65:7]
“and whatsoever you spend of anything (in Allaah’s Cause), He will replace it. And He is the Best of providers”
[Saba’ 34:39]
2 – Evidence from the Sunnah:
There are many reports from the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) concerning the virtue of spending on one’s wife and children, especially daughters. For example, Muslim (995) narrated from Abu Hurayrah in a marfoo’ report: “A dinar which you spend for the sake of Allaah, a dinar which you spend on freeing a slave, a dinar which you give in charity to a poor person and a dinar which you spend on your family – the greatest of these in reward is that which you spend on your family.”
It was narrated by Muslim (994) and others from Thawbaan, the freed slave of the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) in a marfoo’ report: “The best dinar which a man can spend is a dinar which he spends on his children, a dinar which he spends on his riding beast for the sake of Allaah, and a dinar which he spends on his companions for the sake of Allaah.” Abu Qilaabah said: he started with one’s children, then Abu Qilaabah said, what man earns a greater reward than one who spends on his small children so as spare them from having to beg or so that Allaah may benefit them through him and make them independent?
In Saheeh al-Bukhaari (1295) and Saheeh Muslim (1628) it is narrated from Sa’d ibn Abi Waqqaas (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said to him: “You will never spend anything seeking the Face of Allaah thereby, but you will be rewarded for it, even (the food) that you put in your wife’s mouth.”
In al-Bukhaari (55) and Muslim (1002) it is narrated from Abu Sa’eed al-Khudri (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “When a man spends on his family, hoping for reward, that is (counted as) an act of charity for him.”
In al-Saheehayn (al-Bukhaari, 1442, Muslim, 1010), it is narrated from Abu Hurayrah (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “there is no day on which people wake up but two angels come down. One of them says, ‘O Allaah, compensate anyone who spends’ and the other says, ‘O Allaah, destroy the one who withholds.’”
In al-Saheehayn (al-Bukhaari, 1418; Muslim, 2629) it is narrated that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: “A woman entered upon me and she had her two daughters with her. She asked me [for food] and I did not have anything except one date. I gave it to her and she shared it between her daughters and did not eat any of it herself. Then she got up and left. The Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) came in and I told him (what had happened). He said, ‘Whoever is tested with any of these girls and he treats them kindly, they will be a shield for him against the Fire.’”
In Muslim (2630) it is also narrated that ‘Aa’ishah (may Allaah be pleased with her) said: “A poor woman came to me carrying her two daughters, and I gave her three dates. She gave each of them a date, and raised one date to her mouth to eat it. Then her daughters asked her for more food, so she split the date that she had wanted to eat between them. I was impressed by her action and I told the Messenger of Allaah (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) what she had done. He said, ‘Because of that, Allaah has guaranteed Paradise for her, or saved her from Hell.’”
In Muslim (2631) it is narrated from Anas (may Allaah be pleased with him) that the Prophet (peace and blessings of Allaah be upon him) said: “Whoever sponsors (takes care of) two girls until they reach adulthood, he and I will come on the Day of Resurrection (like this)” – and he put his fingers together.
And there are many similar ahaadeeth. And Allaah knows best.
(Adapted from Ghidha’ al-Albaab, 2/437)
Ibn Battaal (may Allaah have mercy on him) said: he should spend on himself, on his wife and on those on whom he is obliged to spend without being stingy or extravagant in that, as Allaah says (interpretation of the meaning):
“And those who, when they spend, are neither extravagant nor niggardly, but hold a medium (way) between those (extremes)”
[al-Furqaan 25:67]
This spending is better than charity and all other kinds of spending. (Tarh al-Tathreeb, 2/74)
And Allaah knows best.


Source: Sheikh Muhammed Salih Al-Munajjid


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